铝热剂切割炬侵彻开孔机理与扩孔系数试验研究
作者单位:
1.陆军工程大学野战工程学院;2.南京理工大学机械工程学院
Experimental Investigation on the Perforation Mechanism and Bore Enlargement Coefficient of Pyrotechnic Cutting Torches
Affiliation:
1.College of Field Engineering,Army Engineering University of PLA,Nanjing;2.School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing
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摘要:烟火切割炬工作过程中的开孔深度、开孔孔径是评估其效能的关键参数。本研究基于定常侵彻理论，结合伯努利方程、质量守恒定律及靶板材料热膨胀特性，定义了密度比函数μ(T)，量化了金属射流的侵彻性能；建立了预测开孔孔径的理论模型dh=dj/μ1/2；分析了壁厚对孔径及孔型的影响，标定了PW基、PVDF基铝热剂的扩孔系数Ke，提出了基于壳体壁厚的铝热剂装药设计方法。试验得出结论，5~10 mm的壁厚对正面孔径影响较小，但对孔型影响明显；PVDF基配方对Q235钢的Ke值为（1.69±0.05），PW基配方对Q235钢的Ke值为（1.80±0.14）。
Abstract:Penetration depth and aperture diameter are key parameters to assess the pyrotechnic cutting torch’s performance. Based on steady-state penetration theory, this study incorporates the Bernoulli equation, mass conservation law, and the thermal expansion characteristics of target material. The density ratio function μ(T) is defined to quantify the penetration performance. A theoretical model for predicting aperture diameter ( dh=dj/μ1/2 ) is established. This work analyzes the influence of wall thickness on aperture and hole morphology, calibrates the bore enlargement coefficient Ke for PW-based and PVDF-based thermite formulations, and proposes a wall-thickness-based reverse design method for thermite charges. Experiments reveal that wall thicknesses ranging from 5 to 10 mm have little effect on the front aperture diameter but greatly changes hole morphology. The Ke value for the PVDF-based formulation against Q235 steel is obtained to be 1.69±0.05, while that for the PW-based formulation is 1.80±0.14.
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