半导体桥火工品宽频电磁敏感度与失效特征分析
基金项目:
全国重点试验室基金项目（No.WDYX23614260207)。
Research on Broadband Electromagnetic Susceptibility and Failure Characteristic Analysis of Semiconductor Bridge Pyrotechnic Devices
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摘要:本研究基于“能量耦合-器件响应-功能失效”的全链路分析框架，建立了半导体桥（SCB）火工品在10 kHz~18 GHz电磁环境下的敏感度评价方法。通过构建偶极天线-传输线-电热耦合理论模型，并结合HFSS-MATLAB协同仿真，识别出395 MHz、700 MHz及1 GHz附近的敏感频段。在此基础上，开展连续波辐照与发火验证试验，以电阻变化率≥10%或发火异常为判据，测得在450 MHz、720 MHz及1 GHz频点处感应电流与失效概率的定量关系，对应的临界感应电流约为50 mA（为最大不发火电流的7%）。结果表明，SCB在敏感频段的失效阈值显著降低，其失效模式遵循“过早引燃→桥区击穿→参数漂移”的3级演化规律。本研究形成的“仿真识别-试验标定-统计建模”技术路线，可为SCB的电磁兼容性设计与防护提供直接支撑。
Abstract:Based on the full-chain analysis framework of “energy coupling-device response-functional failure”, this study established a method for evaluating the electromagnetic susceptibility of Semiconductor Bridge (SCB) pyrotechnic devices in the 10 kHz~18 GHz frequency range. By developing a theoretical model coupling dipole antenna, transmission line, and electro- thermal effects, and employing co-simulation with HFSS and MATLAB, sensitive frequency bands near 395?MHz, 700?MHz, and 1?GHz were identified.Subsequently, continuous-wave irradiation and firing verification tests were conducted. Using a resistance change rate≥?10% or firing abnormality as the failure criterion. The quantitative relationship between the induced current and the failure probability is obtained at 450 MHz, 720 MHz and 1 GHz, corresponding to a critical induced current of approximately 50?mA (about 7% of the maximum no-fire current).The results indicate that the failure threshold of SCB decreases significantly within the sensitive frequency bands, and its failure mode follows a three-stage evolution pattern: premature ignition→ bridge breakdown→parameter drift. The technical pathway of“simulation-based identification, experimental calibration, and statistical modeling”developed in this research can provide direct support for the electromagnetic compatibility design and protection of SCB devices.
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