沉雷器O型密封圈气密性失效机理及 氟醚橡胶改进验证
The Air Tightness Failure Mechanism of the O-ring of the Sunken Mine Device Detonator and the Improvement Verification of Fluoroether Rubber
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摘要:为明晰某型沉雷器在质量一致性检验过程中频繁出现“水密合格、气密失效”故障的内在机理，本研究运用故障树分析（FTA）、有限元仿真以及验证试验相结合的闭环方法展开深入探究。研究结果显示：该故障的根本原因在于 O 形密封圈材料的选择存在不合理性。具体而言，GX2-50 硅橡胶在承受 2.5 MPa 外水压时，会产生 0.988 mm 的不可逆挤出位移，此位移超出了密封槽 3.5 mm 宽度所设定的安全裕度。当将材料替换为 FM-1D 氟醚橡胶后，最大位移降低至 0.756 mm，且始终处于密封槽内。在进行 0.1 MPa 气密检测时，未观察到气泡逸出现象。针对 10 发验证弹，无论采用“水密-气密”或者“气密-水密-再气密”的测试顺序，密封可靠度均达到 100%。此外，经过 70 ℃、240 h 的加速老化处理后，其压缩永久变形率仅为 13.8%，满足 GJB 150.9A-2009 关于长期贮存的相关要求。
Abstract:To clarify the intrinsic mechanism behind the frequent occurrence of "hydrostatic test passed but air tightness failed" during the quality consistency inspection of a specific sunken mine device, this study employed a closed-loop approach integrating fault tree analysis (FTA), finite element simulation, and verification tests. The results reveal that the root cause of the failure lies in the inappropriate material selection for the O-ring seal. Specifically, when subjected to an external hydrostatic pressure of 2.5 MPa, the GX2-50 silicone rubber exhibited an irreversible extrusion displacement of 0.988 mm, exceeding the safety margin defined by the 3.5 mm width of the sealing groove. After replacing the material with FM-1D fluoroether rubber, the maximum displacement was reduced to 0.756 mm, remaining entirely within the groove. During the 0.1 MPa air tightness test, no bubble leakage was observed. For the 10 validation units, regardless of whether the testing sequence followed "hydrostatic-air tightness" or "air tightness-hydrostatic-re-air tightness" ,the sealing reliability reached 100%. Furthermore, after accelerated aging at 70 ℃ for 240 hours, the compression set rate was only 13.8%, meeting the long-term storage requirements specified in GJB 150.9A-2009.
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