Optimization of Gunpowder Painting Formulas and Research on Combustion Behavior
Affiliation:
College of Chemical Engineering and Explosives,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,232001
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摘要:针对当前火药绘画配方依赖经验传承、燃烧效果重复性差的问题，本研究以氯酸钾、硫磺和碳为主要变量，采用正交实验法系统探究三者配比对燃烧特性及残留痕迹形貌的影响。结果表明，硫磺比例过高导致烟雾量增大，碳比例过高易引起不完全燃烧并形成黄色模糊边缘，氯酸钾比例过高则易引发纸张燃烧。优化配方为氯酸钾60%、硫磺33%、碳6%，此时燃烧速度适中，残留痕迹呈均匀深褐色。进一步引入高锰酸钾作为助燃剂，调整配方为高锰酸钾1.125%、氯酸钾44%、硫磺36%、碳4%，该配方燃烧速度更快，痕迹清晰且对纸张损伤小，适用于较薄纸张。
Abstract:To address the issues of reliance on experiential inheritance and poor reproducibility of combustion effects in current gunpowder painting formulations, this study systematically investigated the effects of the ratios of potassium chlorate, sulfur, and carbon—as the main variables—on combustion characteristics and the morphology of residual traces using an orthogonal experimental design. The results indicate that a high proportion of sulfur significantly increases smoke production, a high proportion of carbon leads to incomplete combustion and the formation of yellow, blurred edges, while a high proportion of potassium chlorate tends to cause paper ignition. The optimized formulation was determined to be 60% potassium chlorate, 33% sulfur, and 6% carbon, which provides moderate combustion speed and leaves uniform dark brown residual traces. Furthermore, the introduction of potassium permanganate as a combustion modifier, adjusting the formulation to 1.125% potassium permanganate, 44% potassium chlorate, 36% sulfur, and 4% carbon, resulted in faster combustion, clearer traces, and reduced damage to the paper, making it suitable for use on relatively thin paper.
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