微纳米CL-20的制备及窄脉冲性能研究
基金项目:
山西省2023年度教育创新项目（2023SJ185）；中北大学第20届研究生科技立项（20242059）
Preparation and Narrow Pulse Performance of Micro-nano CL-20
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摘要:为了开发窄脉冲敏感且安全性高的爆炸箔起爆器装药，通过机械球磨法制备了纳米CL-20（D50=157.55?nm），并对其化学结构、热性能、机械感度及窄脉冲加载下的能量释放特性开展了系统研究。经SEM、XRD和FT-IR表征发现，纳米CL-20呈类球形，粒径分布呈正态分布，机械球磨后的CL-20仍保持ε晶型，化学结构未发生改变。热分析结果显示，纳米CL-20的热分解峰温较原料CL-20提前了7.04 ℃，表观活化能降低14.66 kJ·mol-1，表明其反应活性更高。机械感度分析表明，纳米CL-20的临界撞击能量和临界摩擦力较原料CL-20分别提高了0.8 J和24 N，机械安全性明显提高。窄脉冲感度分析表明，纳米CL-20的窄脉冲起爆能量较原料CL-20降低了0.039 8 J，窄脉冲感度得到有效提高。
Abstract:Aims to develop an explosive foil initiator charge with narrow-pulse sensitivity and hign safety , nanoscale CL-20 (D50 = 157.55 nm) was prepared via mechanical ball milling, and its chemical structure, thermal properties, mechanical sensitivity, and energy release characteristics under narrow pulse loading were systematically investigated. SEM, XRD, and FT-IR characterization reveal that nanoscale CL-20 exhibits a spherical morphology with a normal particle size distribution. After mechanical ball milling, CL-20 retains its ε-crystal form, with no alteration in its chemical structure. Thermal analysis indicates that the thermal decomposition peak of nanoscale CL-20 occurs 7.04℃ earlier than that of raw CL-20. Additionally, its apparent activation energy decreases by 14.66 kJ·mol-1, suggesting enhanced reactivity. Mechanical sensitivity analysis demonstrates that, compared with raw CL-20, nanoscale CL-20 exhibits an increase of 0.8 J in critical impact energy and 24 N in critical friction force, significantly enhancing its mechanical safety. Narrow pulse sensitivity analysis indicates that the detonation energy of nano-CL-20 is 0.039 8 J lower than that of raw CL-20, reflecting improved safety under narrow pulse conditions.
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