基于电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定射击残留物特征元素分布
基金项目:
国家自然科学基金资助（No.21805310）；公安部技术研究计划项目（No.2019JSYJC24）。
Determination of Characteristic Element Distribution of Shooting Residue Based on Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer
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摘要:为优化射击残留物特征元素检测方法，采用79式微型冲锋枪和92式手枪在不同距离射击纺织品，采用超声提取技术对不同弹孔距离处的纺织品样品进行前处理，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）检测不同射击距离、不同弹孔距离下，射击残留物中Sn、Sb、Ba、Pb元素的相对含量。结果表明：Sn、Sb、Ba、Pb标准曲线的线性相关系数为0.999 3～0.999 7，检出限为0.03～0.20 μg·L-1；样品中Sn、Sb、Ba、Pb的加标回收率为87.5%～106.0%，精密度为2.9%～5.5%（n=9）；4种特征元素相对含量与射击距离和弹孔距离的关系曲线均呈指数回归。该方法可用于不同种类枪支射击残留物中特征元素含量的检测分析，为侦查办案提供科学依据。
Abstract:In order to optimize the detection method of characteristic elements in shooting residues, type 79 miniature submachine gun and type 92 pistol were used to shoot textiles at different distances. Ultrasonic extraction technology was used to preprocess textile samples at different bullet hole distances. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) was used to detect the relative content of Sn, Sb, Ba, and Pb elements in shooting residues at different shooting distances and bullet hole distances. The results show that the linear correlation coefficients of the standard curves for Sn, Sb, Ba, and Pb are 0.999 3～0.999 7, and the detection limits are 0.03～0.20 μg·L-1; The recovery rates of Sn, Sb, Ba, and Pb in the samples are 87.5%～106.0%, with a precision of 2.9%～5.5% (n=9); The relationship curves between the relative content of the four characteristic elements and the shooting distance or bullet hole distance all show an exponential regression. This method can be used for the detection and analysis of characteristic element content in shooting residues of different types of firearms, providing scientific basis for investigation and case handling.
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