ADN/NC/RDX复合微推进体系制备及其性能研究
基金项目:
西安近代化学研究所创新开放基金（204-J-2024-2622）。
Preparation and Performance Study of ADN/NC/RDX Composite Micropropulsion System
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摘要:为了提高含RDX的复合改性双基（CMDB）推进剂的安全性，以硝化纤维素（NC）为粘合剂，二硝酰胺铵（ADN）为氧化剂，采用一体化自组装的方式制备了ADN/NC/RDX复合颗粒，使用扫描电子显微镜、X-射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热仪、BAM撞击感度仪和激光导热仪对其性能进行了表征和测试；基于ADN/NC/RDX复合颗粒和ADN/NC/RDX机械混合颗粒分别制备了CMDB推进剂，对其燃速进行了测试。结果表明：与原材料RDX相比，ADN/NC/RDX复合颗粒形貌规则，球形度较高，晶型未发生改变，撞击感度的平均特性落高提高了56.4 cm，活化能提高了26.83 kJ·mol-1，热爆炸临界温度有所降低，说明ADN/NC/RDX复合颗粒在等动力学原点温度以下更稳定；基于ADN/NC/RDX复合颗粒的推进剂的燃速稍高于基于ADN/NC/RDX机械混合颗粒的推进剂。
Abstract:In order to improve the safety of composite modified double base (CMDB) propellant containing RDX, ADN/NC/RDX composite particles were prepared by an integrated self-assembly method using nitrocellulose (NC) as the binder and ammonium dinitramide (ADN) as the oxidant. Their properties were characterized and tested using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, BAM impact sensitivity tester, and laser thermal conductivity instrument; CMDB propellants were prepared based on ADN/NC/RDX composite particles and ADN/NC/RDX mechanically mixed particles respectively, and their burning rates were tested. The results show that compared with the RDX raw material, the ADN/NC/RDX composite particles have a regular morphology, higher sphericity, and unchanged crystal structure. The average characteristic drop height of impact sensitivity is increased by 56.4 cm, the activation energy is increased by 26.83 kJ·mol-1, and the critical temperature for thermal explosion is decreased, indicating that the ADN/NC/RDX composite particles are more stable below the isokinetic origin temperature; The burning rate of propellants based on ADN/NC/RDX composite particles is slightly higher than that of propellants based on ADN/NC/RDX mechanically mixed particles.
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