Study on Hygroscopic Mechanism of Magnesium Powder and Aluminum Magnesium Alloy
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摘要:为了探究Mg粉及Al-Mg合金的吸湿机理，将1种铣削Mg粉、1种铣削Al-Mg合金和3种雾化Al-Mg合金进行加速吸湿试验，对吸湿前后金属粉末的形貌、物相、吸湿性、化学成分、氧化层结构及热分解机理进行了表征与分析。结果表明：Al-Mg合金的吸湿率（＜1%）远小于Mg粉（8.72%），Al-Mg合金耐吸湿性随组分中Al含量上升而提高。Mg粉吸湿后成分中的Mg(OH)2和MgO吸收峰显著增强，Al-Mg合金吸湿前后的XRD谱图无明显变化。耐吸湿性最好的雾化Al-Mg合金（wAl∶wMg=60∶40）吸湿过程中，合金表层Mg先氧化、Al后氧化，形成了双层核壳结构，吸湿后合金的氧化层平均厚度由14.3 nm上升至212.0 nm，氧含量由18.3%上升至38.2%。3种雾化Al-Mg合金吸湿后的放热量均有所下降，样品吸湿率越低，能量损失幅度越小。
Abstract:In order to investigate the hygroscopic mechanism of Mg powder and Al-Mg alloy, accelerated hygroscopic tests were conducted on one milled Mg powder, one milled Al-Mg alloy, and three atomized Al-Mg alloys. The morphology, phase, hygroscopicity, chemical composition, oxide layer structure, and thermal decomposition mechanism of the metal powder before and after hygroscopic tests were characterized and analyzed. The results show that the hygroscopic rate of Al-Mg alloy (<1%) is much lower than that of Mg powder (8.72%), and the hygroscopic resistance of Al-Mg alloy increases with the increase of Al content in the compositions. After hygroscopic test, the absorption peaks of Mg(OH)2 and MgO in the composition of Mg powder are significantly enhanced, while the XRD spectra of Al-Mg alloy before and after hygroscopic test show no significant changes. During the hygroscopic process of the atomized Al-Mg alloy (wAl∶wMg=60∶40) with the best hygroscopic resistance, the surface Mg of the alloy oxidizes first and Al oxidizes later, forming a double-layer core-shell structure. After hygroscopic test, the average thickness of the oxide layer of the alloy increases from 14.3 nm to 212.0 nm, and the oxygen content increases from 18.3% to 38.2%. The heat release of three types of atomized Al-Mg alloys after moisture absorption has decreased, and the lower the hygroscopic rate of the sample, the smaller the energy loss amplitude.
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