Study on Shock Sources and Propagation Characteristics of Typical Separation Nuts
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摘要:结合LS-DYNA数值仿真与冲击测试试验，研究了装药爆燃、预紧力释放和机构撞击3种冲击来源对火工分离螺母装置冲击响应的贡献，并基于应力波传播情况分析了不同冲击源产生的响应在平面底板中的传播特性。结果表明，分离螺母装置的近场冲击响应主要由装药爆燃产生，中远场冲击响应则主要来自机构撞击，预紧力释放产生的冲击在近场和中远场均较小。不同冲击源的传播特性与其频率成分有关。爆燃冲击量级大、频率高，在传播过程中快速衰减。撞击冲击频率相对较低，传播至中远场时仍保持较大量级，影响航天飞行安全。
Abstract:Based on LS-DYNA numerical simulation and shock test, the contributions of three sources, including propellant explosion, preload release and mechanism collision, to the total shock response of a typical separation nut were studied. In addition, according to the propagation of shock stress waves, the propagation characteristics of shock response arising from different sources were analyzed. The results show that the shock response in the near field of separation nuts mainly originates from propellant explosion while in the mid-to-far field from mechanism collision, and the shock from preload release is small in the whole field. The propagation characteristics of different shock sources are related to their frequency components. The shock generated by propellant explosion is large, high-frequency and attenuated rapidly during propagation. The shock generated by mechanism collision is relatively low-frequency, remaining of a large magnitude even propagating to mid-to-far field. This poses a threat to the safety of space flight.
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