AlB2@PVDF壳核结构制备及其在点火药中的应用
Preparation of AlB2@PVDF Core-Shell Structure and Its Application in Ignition Powder
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摘要:为改善含硼（B）含能体系的能量释放，采用NaOH水溶液对原料AlB2进行刻蚀，并采用PVDF对刻蚀AlB2进行包覆，得到了AlB2@PVDF壳核结构材料，并对其形貌和热行为进行了表征和测试；以KNO3为氧化剂，分别以单质B、原料AlB2、AlB2@PVDF为可燃剂，制备了3种配方的点火药，并对其燃烧性能进行了对比研究。结果表明：刻蚀后AlB2的XRD谱图出现B基特征衍射峰；AlB2@PVDF材料中PVDF以丝状和团状形态附着和悬挂在刻蚀AlB2的表面和沟壑内部；AlB2@PVDF的实测燃烧热值为25.5 kJ?g-1，相比单质B提高了56.4 %；与基于单质B的点火药相比，基于AlB2@PVDF的点火药的燃烧火焰更稳定且燃烧更剧烈，其燃烧时间缩短了28.1%，平均燃烧温度提升了31.2%，最高燃烧温度提高了172.49 ℃。
Abstract:In order to improve the energy release of boron (B) containing energetic systems, raw AlB2 material was etched using NaOH aqueous solution, and the etched AlB2 was coated by PVDF to obtain AlB2@PVDF core-shell structured material. The morphology and thermal behavior of the AlB2@PVDF material were characterized and tested. Using KNO3 as the oxidizer, three formulations of ignition powder were prepared with elemental B, raw AlB2, and AlB2@PVDF as combustibles, respectively, and their combustion performances were comparatively studied. The results show that the XRD spectrum of AlB2 after etching exhibites B-based characteristic diffraction peaks; In the AlB2@PVDF material, PVDF adheres and hungs in filamentous and clustered forms on the etched AlB2 surface and inside the grooves; The measured combustion calorific value of AlB2@PVDF is 25.5 kJ?g-1, which is a 56.4% higher than that of elemental B; Compared with the ignition powder based on elemental B, the combustion flame of the ignition powder based on AlB2@PVDF is more stable and intense, with a combustion time reduced by 28.1%, an average combustion temperature increased by 31.2%, and a maximum combustion temperature increased by 172.49 °C.
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