Preparation and Characterization of PDA@Cu(N3)2 Core-shell Primary Explosive
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摘要:为了降低叠氮化铜的感度，扩展其在火工品中的应用，以水为溶剂合成了纳米叠氮化铜，再采用原位反应的方法在叠氮化铜表面包覆聚多巴胺（PDA），获得具有不同PDA含量的PDA@Cu(N3)2核壳结构起爆药。利用X-射线衍射(XRD)和 FT-IR表征了不同PDA用量时PDA@Cu(N3)2的结构；采用扫描电镜研究了PDA@Cu(N3)2的形貌和尺寸，并利用能谱和XPS分析了元素组成；此外，利用DSC研究了PDA@Cu(N3)2的热分解行为。结果表明：随多巴胺用量的增加，PDA@Cu(N3)2的X-射线衍射峰强度发生改变，叠氮基团的特征红外吸收峰强度呈现逐渐降低的趋势；所得叠氮化铜主要为粒径数百纳米的片状结构，其中还有粒径几十纳米的颗粒，但都有明显棱角；PDA@Cu(N3)2的热分解温度随多巴胺用量的增加略有提高。
Abstract:In order to desensitize the mechanical sensitivity of copper azide and develop its application to pyrotechnics, the copper azide was synthesized in water firstly, then poly-dopamine (PDA) was coated on surface of copper azide in situ yielding PDA@Cu(N3)2 core-shell explosive. The structure of PDA@Cu(N3)2 was determined by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FT-IR. While the morphology and particle sizes were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal decomposition behaviors of PDA@Cu(N3)2 with different content of PDA were studied by DSC technics. The results show that the X-ray diffraction peak intensities of PDA@Cu(N3)2 change with increasing PDA content. The FT-IR absorption intensities of azide group decrease with increasing PDA content. Cu(N3)2 synthesized in pure water has flaky morphology with diameter of hundreds nanometers. Meanwhile, small particles with diameter of tens nano meters appear in 4 samples and all particles have sharp edges. The thermal decomposition temperatures of PDA@Cu(N3)2 rise with increasing PDA content.
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