不同介质间隔装药结构爆破的振动信号分析研究
基金项目:
辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”教学名师项目（NO.XLYC2211015）。
Analysis of Blasting Vibration Signals From Interval Charge Structures with Different Media
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摘要:本研究以武家塔露天煤矿为依托，通过现场爆破试验并结合CEEMDAN-Hilbert变换方法，对比分析了空气介质与水介质间隔装药结构爆破诱发的振动信号特征。结果表明：水介质间隔装药在低频区间（0~70 Hz）的能量分布更显著，其信号能量显著高于空气介质间隔装药，表明水介质与炸药及岩体的耦合作用更优，能释放更高能量以优化爆破效果。两种间隔装药结构爆破的振动信号主要能量均集中在70 Hz以内，水介质爆破的最大能量占比集中在30~40 Hz，而空气介质爆破的最大能量占比集中在40~50 Hz。因此，水介质间隔装药在工程应用中需采取控制措施，避免与周边建（构）筑物固有频率共振，确保结构安全。
Abstract:Based on field blasting tests at the Wujiata Open-Pit Coal Mine, this study comparatively analyzed the characteristics of blast vibration signals induced by air-medium and water-medium interval charge structures using the CEEMDAN-Hilbert transform method. Key results indicate:water-medium blasting exhibits significantly more prominent energy distribution in low-frequency ranges (0~70 Hz), with signal energy substantially higher than that of air-medium blasting. This demonstrated superior coupling effects between water medium, explosives, and rock mass, enabling higher energy release for optimized blasting effectiveness. Both blasting modes concentrate primary energy below 70 Hz, but peak energy proportion occurs at 30~40 Hz for water-medium blasting versus 40~50 Hz for air-medium blasting. Engineering applications of water-medium interval charging require resonance prevention measures to avoid alignment with natural frequencies of surrounding structures, ensuring safety.
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